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Alloy 400 is MONEL nickel-copper is a solid-solution alloy that can be hardened only by cold working. It has high strength and toughness over a wide temperature range and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments. Alloy 400 is widely used in many fields, especially marine and chemical processing. Typical applications are valves and pumps; pump and propeller shafts; marine fixtures and fasteners; electrical and electronic components; springs; chemical processing equipment; gasoline and fresh water tanks; crude petroleum stills, process vessels and piping; boiler feed-water heaters and other heat exchangers; and deaerating heaters.
| Weight % | Ni (+Co) | C | Mn | Fe | S | Si | Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum | 63.00 | — | — | — | — | — | 28.00 |
| Maximum | — | 0.30 | 2.00 | 2.50 | 0.024 | 0.50 | 34.00 |
| Characteristics | English | Metric | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal density | 20°C / 68°F | 0.318 lbs/in3 | 8.80 g/cm3 |
| Melting range | 2370-2460 °F | 1300-1350 °C | |
| Specific heat * | 21°C / 70°F | 0.102 BTU/lb – °F | 427 J/KG- °K |
| Average coefficient of
thermal expansion |
93°C / 200°F | 7.7 micro in/in- °F | 14.2 micro m/m- °K |
| 204°C / 400°F | 8.6 micro in/in- °F | 15.2 micro m/m- °K | |
| 316°C / 600°F | 8.8 micro in/in- °F | 15.7 micro m/m- °K | |
| 427°C / 800°F | 8.9 micro in/in- °F | 16.1 micro m/m- °K | |
| 649°C /1200°F | 9.3 micro in/in- °F | 16.6 micro m/m- °K | |
| 760°C /1400°F | 9.6 micro in/in- °F | 17.0 micro m/m- °K | |
| Thermal conductivity *
from 20°C(68°F) to temperature |
93°C / 200°F | 13.9 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 24.0 W/m – °K |
| 204°C / 400°F | 15.6 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 26.9 W/m – °K | |
| 316°C / 600°F | 17.4 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 30.1 W/m – °K | |
| 427°C / 800°F | 19.3 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 33.4 W/m – °K | |
| 649°C /1200°F | 22.8 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 39.4 W/m – °K | |
| 760°C /1400°F | 24.5 BTU/ft- hr – °F | 42.4 W/m – °K | |
| Electrical resistivity *,** | 93°C / 200°F | 537 nΩ ∙ m | |
| 204°C / 400°F | 559 nΩ ∙ m | ||
| 316°C / 600°F | 574 nΩ ∙ m | ||
| 427°C / 800°F | 587 nΩ ∙ m | ||
| 649°C /1200°F | 620 nΩ ∙ m | ||
| 760°C /1400°F | 639 nΩ ∙ m | ||
(*) These values also apply to MONEL alloy R-405, the free-machining version of MONEL alloy 400.
(**) Annealed material.
| Condition | Tensile | Hardness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ultimate | Yield | Elongation in
50 mm (2 in.) |
Rockwell B | |||
| Plate | KSI | MPa | KSI | MPa | % | |
| Hot-Rolled, As-Rolled | 75-95 | 517-655 | 40-75 | 276-517 | 45-30 | 70-96 |
| Hot-Rolled, Annealed | 70-85 | 482-586 | 28-50 | 193-345 | 50-35 | 60-76 |
| Sheet | ||||||
| Annealed | 70-85 | 482-586 | 30-45 | 207-310 | 45-35 | 65-80 |
| Cold-Rolled, Hard | 100-120 | 690-827 | 90-110 | 621-758 | 15-2 | 93 min |
| Strip, Cold-Rolled | ||||||
| Annealed | 70-85 | 482-586 | 25-45 | 172-310 | 55-35 | 68 max |
| Spring Temper | 100-140 | 690-965 | 90-130 | 621-896 | 15-2 | 98 min |
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